Lassativi

Sostanze sia di estrazione vegetale che di sintesi chimica, classificabili in base al loro meccanismo d’azione o in base alle caratteristiche chimico-fisiche delle molecole costitutive e della nota o presunta azione farmacologica, capaci di stimolare lo svuotamento del colon-retto. Vedi Alvo, Stipsi.

Tab. 4: Classificazione sinottica dei lassativi per metodo di azione

LASSATIVI FORMANTI MASSA
Aumentano il volume del residuo solido non assorbibile
Metilcellulosa; sterculia; agar; crusca; isphagula; psyllium, PHGG

LASSATIVI OSMOTICI NON SALINI
Aumentano il contenuto di acqua nell’intestino
Carboidrati non assorbibili (lattulosio, sorbitolo, mannitolo)

LASSATIVI OSMOTICI SALINI
Aumentano il contenuto di acqua nelle feci
Purganti salini (fosfato di sodio, solfato di magnesio, idrossido di magnesio);

LASSATIVI EMOLLIENTI
Modificano la consistenza delle feci
Docusato di sodio Olio di ricino Glicerina

LASSATIVI STIMOLANTI
Aumentano la motilità e la secrezione intestinale
Derivati del difenilmetano (Fenolftalenia, Bisacodile);
Derivati dell’Antrachinone (Senna, Cascara)

Tab. 5: LASSATIVI: dosaggi consigliati (esclusi emollienti) *

CLASSE: FORMANTI MASSA
NOME: Crusca
Psyllium (Psyllogel, Planten,
Psylloplus, Plantalax, ..)
DOSAGGIO: 2 buste al dì
NOME: Ispagula (Fibrolax)
DOSAGGIO: 3 bustine al dì
NOME: PHGG (Benefibra)
DOSAGGIO: 1 busta al dì (5 gr)

OSMOTICI
NOME: Polietilenglicole (Selg, Isocolan,
Movicol, ..)
DOSAGGIO: 17 gr/die
NOME: Lattulosio (Laevolac)
DOSAGGIO: 30 ml/die
NOME: Lattitolo (Portolac)
DOSAGGIO: 20 gr/die

SALINI
NOME: Solfato di magnesio
DOSAGGIO: 15 gr/die
NOME: Citrato di magnesio
DOSAGGIO: 200 ml/die

STIMOLANTI
NOME: Senna (Pursennid)
DOSAGGIO: 4 cpr/die
NOME: Bisacodile (Verecolene, Alaxa)
DOSAGGIO: 10 gr/die

* La tab. è fortemente incompleta, appena sufficiente a dare l’idea della difficoltà a bene
utilizzare i prodotti commerciali. I nomi tra parentesi sono commercialmente registrati.

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